Peripheral Artery Disease

What Is Peripheral Artery Disease?

Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is a common circulatory condition where narrowed arteries reduce blood flow to the limbs, primarily the legs. This limitation, much caused by coronary artery disease, can lead to mobility problems and difficult complications if left untreated. Patients with PAD may notice symptoms like leg pain while walking (claudication) or persistent coldness in the extremities. New diagnosing and treatments are relevant to avoid complications such as ulcers or amputation. PAD not only affects mobility but also increases the risk of heart attack and stroke.

Types of Peripheral Artery Disease

PAD can be categorized based on its severity and location:

  • Atherosclerotic PAD: Caused by plaque buildup in the arteries.
  • Acute Limb Ischemia (ALI): Sudden blockage leading to reduced blood flow.
  • Chronic Limb Ischemia (CLI): Severe form causing chronic pain and non-healing wounds.

Symptoms of Peripheral Artery Disease for Men and Women

  • Leg Pain or Cramping: Notably during walking or exercise (claudication).
  • Cold Feet or Toes: Persistent coldness even in warm environments.
  • Skin Changes: Discoloration, shiny skin, or slow-healing sores on the legs or feet.
  • Numbness or Weakness: A feeling of heaviness or fatigue in the legs.
  • Decreased Hair Growth: Loss of hair on legs and feet.
  • Weak Pulses: Reduced or absent pulse in the legs or feet.

Causes of Peripheral Artery Disease

PAD primarily stems from atherosclerosis, where fatty deposits build up in the artery walls. Other causes include:

  • Smoking: The most important risk factor.
  • Diabetes: Poor blood sugar control affects blood vessels.
  • High Blood Pressure and Cholesterol: Increases arterial narrowing.
  • Obesity: Contributes to poor circulation.
  • Sedentary Lifestyle: Lack of physical activity adds to poor circulation.

When to See a Vascular Specialist

  • Persistent leg pain or cramping during activity.
  • Non-healing sores or ulcers along the feet.
  • Noticeable changes in skin color or temperature.
  • Weakness or numbness in the legs.

Risk Factors for Peripheral Artery Disease

  • Age: Higher risk in those over 50.
  • Smoking: Major contributor to arterial damage.
  • Chronic Conditions: High blood pressure, diabetes, and high cholesterol.
  • Family History: Genetic predisposition to vascular diseases.
  • Lifestyle Factors: Poor diet, lack of exercise, and obesity.

Complications and Risks

  • Non-healing ulcers that may lead to infections or gangrene.
  • Increased risk of heart attack or stroke.
  • Loss of mobility or amputation in severe cases.

Prevention

  • Quit Smoking Immediately
  • Adopt a Healthy Diet: Focus on fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
  • Engage in Regular Physical Activity: Stay active through walking or cycling.
  • Control Chronic Conditions: Manage diabetes and hypertension.
  • Schedule Regular Vascular Health Check-Ups.

Diagnosis and Tests

Diagnosis involves a combination of a health history review, physical examination, and diagnostic tests:

  • Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI): Measures blood pressure differences between arms and legs.
  • Ultrasound: Identifies blockages and blood flow issues.
  • CT/MRI Angiography: Detailed imaging of arteries.
  • Blood Tests: Assess cholesterol and blood sugar levels.

Treatment Options

Treatment aims to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications:

  • Lifestyle Changes: Quit smoking, eat a healthy diet, and exercise regularly.
  • Medications: Blood thinners, cholesterol-lowering drugs, and antihypertensives.
  • Minimally Invasive Procedures: Angioplasty, stenting, or atherectomy.
  • Surgical Interventions: Bypass surgery for severe cases.

Do's and Don'ts for Vascular Health

Do's

  • Maintain a stable weight with low-fat foods.
  • Stay active with regular walking or cycling.
  • Monitor and manage blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar.
  • Follow up regularly with Dr. Chandra Sekhar Chevuturu.

Don'ts

  • Avoid smoking or using tobacco products.
  • Don't ignore symptoms like persistent pain or sores.
  • Avoid prolonged inactivity or sitting for extended periods.
  • Don't self-medicate without consulting a specialist.

Care at Dr. Chandra Sekhar Chevuturu

Dr. Candra Sekhar Chevuturu provides expert diagnosis and treatment for Peripheral Artery Disease. With a patient-centric approach, advanced techniques, and personalized care plans, you can rely on Dr. Chevuturu to restore your vascular health and improve your quality of life. Book a consultation now and take the first step toward improving circulation.