Endovascular Aneurysm Repair

Introduction Endovascular Aneurysm Repair

Endovascular Aneurysm Repair (EVAR) is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) and thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA). An aneurysm occurs when a section of the aorta, the largest artery in the body, becomes abnormally enlarged, potentially leading to rupture and life-threatening complications. EVAR involves inserting a stent graft through small incisions in the groin to reinforce the weakened section of the artery, preventing rupture. Unlike open surgery, EVAR offers quicker recovery times, less pain, and a lower risk of complications. It’s often recommended for patients who are not suitable candidates for open surgery due to age or health conditions.

Types of the Disease

  1. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA): Affects the aorta in the abdomen and is the most common type treated with EVAR.
  2. Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm (TAA): Occurs in the chest area and may require a slightly different approach, sometimes referred to as TEVAR (Thoracic Endovascular Aneurysm Repair).

Symptoms of the Disease (Men and Women)

In the early stages, aneurysms may not cause noticeable symptoms. However, as they grow:

Men and Women

  • Pulsating feeling near the navel (in AAA).
  • Back or abdominal pain.
  • Difficulty breathing (in TAA).
  • Chest or upper back pain (in TAA).

Severe cases may present sudden, intense pain, signaling an imminent rupture—a medical emergency.

Causes of the Disease

Aneurysms develop due to the weakening of arterial walls. Common causes include:

  • Atherosclerosis: Plaque buildup in the arteries.
  • High Blood Pressure: Increases stress on arterial walls.
  • Smoking: Damages blood vessels and accelerates aneurysm growth.
  • Genetic Factors: Family history of aneurysms.
  • Infections or Trauma: Rare causes leading to arterial damage.

When to See a Doctor?

Immediate medical attention is crucial if you experience:

  • Severe, sudden abdominal, chest, or back pain.
  • A pulsating lump in the abdomen.
  • Symptoms of rupture such as fainting, dizziness, or rapid heartbeat. Early diagnosis can prevent life-threatening complications. Book an appointment with Dr. Chandra Sekhar Chevuturu now.

Risk Factors of the Disease

  • Age (more common in individuals over 60).
  • Smoking history.
  • High cholesterol levels.
  • Family history of aneurysms.
  • Pre-existing heart or vascular diseases.

Complications & Preventions (Based on Disease)

Complications

  • Aneurysm rupture leading to severe internal bleeding.
  • Blood clots forming within the aneurysm.
  • Infection or damage to surrounding structures during or after repair.

Preventions

  • Quit smoking to reduce arterial damage.
  • Control blood pressure and cholesterol levels.
  • Regular check-ups if you have a family history.
  • Maintain a healthy diet and exercise routine.

Diagnosis & Tests

  • Ultrasound: First-line imaging to detect abdominal aneurysms.
  • CT Scan: Detailed imaging to assess aneurysm size and location.
  • MRI: Alternative for patients unable to undergo CT scans.
  • Angiography: Provides precise vascular details before EVAR.

Treatments (Surgeries and Other Options)

  • Endovascular Aneurysm Repair (EVAR): Involves inserting a stent graft via small incisions in the groin.
  • Open Surgical Repair: Traditional method for larger aneurysms not suitable for EVAR.
  • Monitoring: Small aneurysms may only require regular check-ups.

Do’s and Don’ts

Do’s:

  • Attend regular follow-ups to monitor stent graft integrity.
  • Adopt a heart-healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
  • Stay physically active but avoid heavy lifting post-surgery.
  • Report any unusual symptoms, such as leg pain or swelling, immediately.

Don’ts:

  • Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.
  • Don’t ignore symptoms of discomfort or pain post-procedure.
  • Avoid high-impact activities until cleared by your doctor.

Care at Dr. Chandra Sekhar Chevuturu

We offer expert evaluation, precise diagnosis, and advanced EVAR procedures tailored to each patient’s needs. With years of experience in vascular surgery, Dr. Chevuturu ensures minimal risks and optimal recovery. Consult now for expert care