Arteriovenous Fistula (AV Fistula)

Overview of Arteriovenous Fistula (AV Fistula)

An arteriovenous fistula (AV fistula) is an abnormal connection between an artery and a vein. Instead of blood flowing through the capillaries, where oxygen exchange occurs, it bypasses this network, moving directly from the artery to the vein. This condition can strain the veins, increase blood pressure, and reduce oxygen delivery to tissues. AV fistulas are commonly created surgically for dialysis patients to provide reliable vascular access. However, they can also occur naturally due to injury, genetic conditions, or other health issues. While some AV fistulas are small and asymptomatic, larger ones may cause significant complications, including heart problems and tissue damage.

Consult Dr. Chandra Sekhar Chevuturu for expert diagnosis and personalized care for AV fistula.

Types of AV Fistula

  • Congenital AV Fistula: These are present at birth due to abnormal vascular development.
  • Acquired AV Fistula: These occur due to trauma, surgery, or conditions like dialysis preparation.
  • Traumatic AV Fistula: Caused by penetrating injuries or vascular damage.
  • Surgically Created AV Fistula: Designed for patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Each type may vary in severity and treatment approach. Book an appointment to explore the most suitable options.

Symptoms of AV Fistula in Men and Women

  • Visible swelling or pulsating veins: Enlarged veins near the fistula site.
  • Fatigue or weakness: Reduced oxygen delivery to tissues.
  • Pain or swelling: Often at the site of the fistula.
  • Skin changes: Warmth, redness, or discoloration around the fistula.
  • Shortness of breath: For fistulas affecting pulmonary circulation.
  • Decreased blood pressure: In cases of extensive AV fistulas.

Contact now to identify symptoms early and seek treatment.

Causes of AV Fistula

  • Trauma: Injury to blood vessels.
  • Genetic conditions: Disorders like Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia.
  • Surgical procedures: Dialysis-related fistula formation.
  • Infections: Can damage vascular walls.
  • Vascular diseases: Such as atherosclerosis or aneurysms.

Identifying the root cause helps determine the most effective treatment plan. Book a consultation today.

When to See a Doctor?

Seek medical attention if you experience:

  • Persistent pain, swelling, or discomfort near a vein.
  • Symptoms like fatigue, dizziness, or shortness of breath.
  • Visible changes in veins or abnormal pulsations.

Take the expert’s opinion without delay. Early intervention is key.

Risk Factors of AV Fistula

  • Trauma: High-impact injuries.
  • Chronic Kidney Disease: Patients requiring hemodialysis.
  • Age and Genetics: Certain genetic conditions increase risk.
  • Infections: Recurrent or severe vascular infections.

Recognizing risk factors can aid in prevention and early diagnosis.

Complications and Preventions

Complications:

  • Heart Failure: Due to increased cardiac output.
  • Internal Bleeding: If the fistula ruptures.
  • Tissue Damage: From insufficient oxygen delivery.
  • Infections: Particularly in dialysis-related fistulas.

Preventions:

  • Timely Treatment: Early intervention prevents worsening.
  • Regular Monitoring: For high-risk individuals.
  • Infection Control: Proper hygiene around fistula sites.

Prevent complications with regular check-ups. Schedule yours today.

Diagnosis and Tests

  • Doppler Ultrasound: Visualizes blood flow.
  • Angiography: Determines the size and location of the fistula.
  • MRI or CT Scan: Offers detailed imaging.

Accurate diagnosis ensures effective treatment. Contact now for expert evaluation.

Treatments

  • Endovascular Repair: Minimally invasive procedure to close the fistula.
  • Surgical Intervention: To repair or remove abnormal connections.
  • Compression Therapy: For smaller fistulas.
  • Medications: To manage complications like heart strain.

Book an appointment with Dr. Chandra Sekhar Chevuturu for advanced treatment options.

Do's and Don'ts

Do's:

  • Keep the fistula area clean to prevent infections.
  • Regularly monitor for swelling, redness, or pain.
  • Attend follow-up appointments.
  • Maintain a healthy lifestyle to support vascular health.

Don'ts:

  • Avoid heavy lifting with the affected arm.
  • Do not ignore symptoms like fatigue or visible swelling.
  • Refrain from scratching or irritating the fistula site.

Follow these tips to ensure long-term health. Consult our specialists for personalized advice.

Care at Dr. Chandra Sekhar Chevuturu

Dr. Chandra Sekhar Chevuturu provides comprehensive care for AV fistulas, from diagnosis to advanced treatment options. With expertise in vascular surgery, he ensures accurate diagnosis, effective treatment, and patient-centric care.